Travel in Bikaner, Rajasthan

Location: Rajasthan
Founded By: Rao Bikaji
Tourist Attractions: Junagarh Fort, Lalgarh Palace
Best Time To Visit: October To March

This Royal walled city is a part of the desert tourist triangle and lies on the northern tip of the triangle. The city was founded in 1486 AD by the Rathore prince, Rao Bikaji, hence the name Bikaner. Bikaji was son of Rao Jodhaji who had asked his son to establish a kingdom of his own. The challenge was accepted and Bikaji choose the wild country 'Jangaldesh' as his territory and thus the city of Bikaner came into existence.

A seven-kilometres wall with five entrances was built to protect the city from vagaries of the desert and any external aggression. The city flourished as an important trade centre between Gujarat seaports and West Asian countries. The unbroken line of descendants of Bikaji ruled Bikaner till India got Independence. Bikaner is known for good breed of riding camels, which are among the best in the world. The Camel Festival held every year is famous all over the globe. Bikaner has many magnificent buildings made of Reddish Pink sandstone that transcends the surrounding barren wilderness. Unlike other cities of Rajasthan, Bikaner has been able to preserve its traditional aura of the medieval era, which makes a visitor come here year after year.

PRIME ATTRACTIONS
FORTS AND PALACES
Junagarh Fort: One of the most imposing forts of northern India-- Junagarh Fort-- has remained unconquered till date. This fort was built in 15th century by one of the most able and trusted generals of Akbar, Raja Rai Singh.

Lalgadh Palace: Designed by a Britisher for Maharaja Ganga Singh, this palace displays a magnificient blend of Oriental and European style.


MUSEUMS
The Ganga Golden Jubilee Museum: This small museum has a large collection of pre-Harappan, Gupta and Kushan pottery. The rich collection of pottery, carpets, paintings, armoury and coins make this museum one of the best in Rajasthan. The Bikaneri miniatures, which are displayed in a sepetrate section for local arts, makes visit to the museum a must.

EXCURSIONS
TEMPLES
Bhandeshwar & Sandeshwar Temples: Five kms from the city, these temples are the oldest surviving monuments of aesthetic heritage. These were built by two brothers and the temples carry their names. The mirror work and the gold leaf paintings in the temple are noteworthy. The temples are dedicated to 23rd Jain teerthankar, Parsvanathji.

WILDLIFE
Gajner Wild Life Sanctuary: 32 kms on the Jaisalmer Road is located the Gajner Wildlife Sanctuary. Wooded hills and lakes surround the lush green forest. One can easily spot a Blue Bull, Chinkara, Black Buck or flocks of Sand Grouse and Wild Boar living in the sanctuary.

Archaeology
Kalibanga: One of the major archaeology sites of the Harappan civilisation. This place houses immense treasure of our past and is of particular interest to archaeology enthusiasts.

CITIES
Kolayat: 54-km from Bikaner, it is a picnic spot.

OTHERS
Camel Breeding Farms: Take a ride on one or watch the calves gambolling, or submit to a Raika or a Rebari from traditional camel breeder, over a cup of camel's milk at the camel breeding farms just eight kms away from the city. This farm is the only of its kind in Asia.

Devi Kund: This is the royal crematorium with a number of cenotaphs. The 'chhatri' of Maharaja Surat Singh is most imposing. One cannot miss the spectacular Rajput paintings on the ceilings. 8 kms from Bikaner.

HOW TO GET THERE
Air: The nearest airport is Jodhpur 240 kms.
Rail: The Indian Railways connects Bikaner with cities like Delhi, Calcutta, Agra, Jaipur, Allahabad etc. The gorgeous 'Palace on wheels' also covers Bikaner in its eight-day tour of Rajasthan.
Road: Though the unfriendly desert sands surround Bikaner but the city is well connected by roads. There are local and inter-state bus services for Bikaner.

PLACES TO STAY
Bikaner is counted among one of the major cities of the Rajasthan state and is well equipped with varied hotel options, which include luxurious and budget hotels as well as tourist lodges.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS
Camel Festival: In the festival, one can see the 'Ship of the Desert' at its sporting best. The festival is held in January every year.

Karni Mata Fair: Held twice in a year--April/ May and October/ November-- the fair is celebrated on the ninth day of the Navratri. Devotees throng the temple to worship Goddess Durga and her incarnations on this day.

SHOPPING
A stroll down the King Edward Memorial road and inside Kote Gate will reveal the shopping pleasure in Bikaner. The purses, slippers made from the camel hide are worth a bargain. The camel skin also ends up as cushions and lacquered lampshades. The local carpets and the woodwork are very popular among the tourists. And who can forget the world famous Bikaneri Bhujias and sweets. Wide range of accomodation facilites are available to meet the requirements of tourists. There are Palace hotels like the Bhanwar Niwas, Karni Bhawan, Gajner Palace Hotel. Also, available are the small but cosy comfortable private hotels. The government approved Paying Guest system is very popular among the visitors.

TOURIST INFORMATION CENTRES
Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation Ltd. (RTDC) - Tourist Centre, Hotel Swagatam, Office Annexe Near Railway Station, Jaipur - 302 006 (Rajasthan) India .

CLIMATE
Bikaner has got extreme desert type of climate with high temperature difference and low rainfall. The best season to visit Bikaner between October and March.

NEARBY CITIES
Kolyatji: 50-km
Kalibanga: 205-km
Jodhpur: 256-km
Jaipur: 354-km
Jaisalmer: 312-km

GENERAL INFORMATION
Population: About 4 lakhs people reside in this historic city.

Main Languages: Rajasthani, Hindi & English

KOTA, RAJASTHAN

KOTA

Location: 245-km From Jaipur, Rajasthan
Tourist Attractions: Maharao Madho Singh Museum, Nahargarh Fort
Best Time To Visit: October-February


Magic Along The Mighty Chambal
Along the eastern bank of the Chambal River lies Kota - an amazing example of majestic medieval age and modern industrialization. Its wealth of impressive forts, opulent palaces and splendid temples of past centuries retain their former glory. Its present-day edifices and heavy industries have made it the industrial heartland of Rajasthan.

The history of the city dates back to the 12th century AD, when chieftain Rao Deva, conquered the territory and founded Bundi and Hadoti. Later in the early I 7th century AD, during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, the ruler of Bundi - Rao Ratan Singh, gave the smaller principality of Kota to his son, Madho Singh. Since then, Kota became a hallmark of Rajput gallantry and culture.

The commanding fort stands overlooking the modern Chambal Valley Project with its many dams - Kota Barrage, Gandhi Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar and Jawahar Saga. An old palace, dating back to the time when it was under the control of the Hada chieftaincy, faces the Kota Barrage.
The Durbar Hall is ornate with beautiful mirror work and has ebony and ivory doors. Exquisite miniatures of the Kota School are housed within the Hall. Other noteworthy edifices of the bygone era are the Brij Raj Bhawan Palace, Jag Mandir - an island palace, a splendid 'haveli' (mansion) with beautiful frescoes and the royal cenotaphs.

PRIME ATTRACTIONS
GARDENS
Chambal Garden : A beautifully landscaped garden at the Amar Niwas. Its lush surroundings make it a popular picnic spot offering enjoyable boat rides.

MUSEUMS
Maharao Madho Singh Museum: Situated in the old palace, the museum has a superb collection of Rajput miniature paintings of the Kota School, exquisite sculptures, frescoes and armoury. The museum also houses a rich repository of artistic items used by the Kota rulers.

The Government Museum: Housed in the Brijvilas Palace near Kishore Sagar, the museum displays a rich collection of rare coins, manuscripts and are representative selection of Hadoti sculpture. Especially noteworthy is an exquisitely sculptured statue brought here from Baroli.

Timings : 1000 hrs to 1700 hrs.
Entry Fee: Rs.2/-
Closed on every Friday and Government holidays.
Photography is prohibited.

Prior permission to be obtained from the Director of Archaeology and Museums, Jaipur.

LAKES
Jag Mandir: Amid the picturesque artificial lake of Kishore Sagar constructed in 1346 A.D. by Prince DherDeh of Bundi, stands the enchanting little palace of Jag Mandir. The azure waters around the red-sandstone monument enhances its beauty. Boat-rides can be enjoyed in the lake. The Keshar Bagh famous for its royal cenotaphs lies in the vicinity.

PALACES
Haveli of Devtaji : The beautiful Haveli of Devta Shridharji is located in the middle of the busy market. The haveli is noted for its splendid frescoes and rooms ornate with lovely wall paintings.

OTHERS
Kota Barrage : A part of the irrigation canal system on the Chambal River, this beautiful setting is ideal for outings and evening strolls.

Other Places Worth Visiting: Kansua Temple with a four-faced Shiva Lingam, Bhitria Kund, Adhar Shila, Budh Singh, Bafna Haveli and Yatayat park.

EXCURSIONS
TEMPLES
Bardoli (48-km): The oldest and the most beautiful temple complex of Rajasthan dating back to the 9th century AD lies on the way to the Pratap Sagar Dam. The intricate carvings and an exquisite image of Natraj (Shiv) - the cosmic dancer on the door of the 'mandap', offer fine examples of craftsmanship. Many interesting shrines also lie closeby.

Bhanddeora Temple (Ramgarh) (110-km): Situated in the Baran district atop the Ramgarh Hill, is the 11th- 12th century temple, now in ruins. Easily approachable by jeep or car

The Remains Of Garhgachh (110-km): The 9th and 13th century AD temples in red stone, are situated in the Baran district near Atru (30 km).

DAMS
Rana Pratap Sagar Dam And Bhainsrodgarh (50-55-km): Bhainsrodgarh Fort lies on the right bank of the Chambal River and a village lies within the fort. The fort is set amidst scenic surroundings. An ancient temple of Gopinath Mahadev on the way is an idyllic picnic spot.

FORTS
Nahargarh Fort (145-km): An impressive structure in red stone, the fort is a fine example of Mughal architecture.

Fort of Shahbad And Mosque (160-km):The fort was constructed in 1577 AD by the Chauhan ruler Muktaman. The mosque is the biggest in Rajasthan and was built during the reign of Aurangazeb.

WILDLIFE
Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary (50-km): An erstwhile royal hunting preserve, it is a thickly wooded sanctuary lying along the south-eastern border of Kota adjacent to the mountain range. The wildlife variety includes Panther Spotted Deer, Tiger, Wildboar and Bear.

OTHERS
Sitahari (120-km): An ideal picnic spot, situated near the village of Kelwara in the Baran district on the way to Kota -Shiv Pur. The old temples of Sita, Laxman and seven water tanks are worth a visit. The place is the venue of a tribal fair held in May-June every year.

Rock Paintings Of Alaniya (25-km):Beautiful rock paintings adorn the bank of the River Alaniya.

HOW TO GET THERE
Air: Kota is well connected by air. Jaipur, 245-km away is the other convenient airport.

Rail: Lying on the Delhi-Mumbai route, Kota is well served by regular super fast rail services. Some important train connections are: Golden Temple Express (Mumbai- Kota-Amritsar); Rajdhani Express (Mumbai-Kota-New Delhi) : Dehradun Express (Mumbai-Kota-Dehradun); Paschim Express (New Delhi-Kota-Mumbai); Avadh Express (Mumbai-Kota-Gorakhpur); Swaraj Express (Mumbai-Kota-New Delhi)

Road: Good network of road connections link Kota with many important cities inside and outside the state. Some notable distances are : Udaipur 270-km, Bundi 40-km, Delhi 504-km, Ahmedabad 522-km.

Local Transport: Unmetered taxis, auto-rickshaws, tempos and cycle rickshaws are avaialabe for commutation purposes within the city.

PLACES TO STAY
Number of hotels and dharmshalas are available for accommodation in Kota.

Dining: Vrindavan Veg. A/C Restaurant, Jhalawar Road, Anand Hotel, Chhawani Chouraha, Jhankar Restaurant, Jhalawar Road, Atithi (Lakki Burj).

SHOPPING
Kota is the home of the famous Kota 'doria' sarees made in small villages around the city.

TOURIST INFORMATION CENTRES
Hospitals: Maharao Bhim Singh Hospital (MBS Hospital). Facility of more than 700 beds (connected with Kota Medical College).

Tourist Information: Tourist Reception Centre, Hotel Chambal.

Club: Umed Club, Nayapura. Kota.

Swimming Pool: Municipal Stadium, Nayapura.

NEARBY CITIES
Bundi: 40-km
Bardoli: 48-km
Sitabari: 120-km
Jaipur: 245-km
Udaipur: 270-km


GENERAL INFORMATION
Area : 193.58 sq.km
Altitude : 251.1 meters
Climate : Mean Max Mean Min
Summer : 42.6°C 29.7°C
Winter : 24.5°C 11.6°C
Rainfall : 88 cms
Best Time To Visit : October-February
Clothing :
Summer : Light Tropical
Winter : Light Woollen
Language : Rajasthani, Hindi & English.

JODHPUR

Location: 260-km From Udaipur, Rajasthan
Tourist Attractions: Umaid Bhawan Palace, Mehrangarh Fort
Founded In 1459 AD
Best Time To Visit: October-March

Amidst the sand dunes and thorny vegetation of Thar desert towers a fort, 120 metres above the plain. The fort overlooks the imperial city of Jodhpur, which is a part of the Desert Tourist Triangle. The old Jodhpur city is surrounded by a 10 km long wall with eight gates serving as entrances. The new city is settled around this walled area. The Maruthal or 'land of death' , came into life when the Rathores of Kanauj moved in. But the city of Jodhpur was founded by Rao Jodhaji in 1459 AD. This city was on the silk route of the 16th century and hence was host to a number of travellers.

In Jodhpur, the genius of its sculptors comes to life in its exquisite palaces, forts, temples and havelis, which stand testimony to the imperial grandeur. The most alluring part of Jodhpur is the traditional lifestyle, festivity and the smiling people who treasure this former princely state.

PRIME ATTRACTIONS
FORTS
Mehrangarh Fort - Situated on a steep hill, Mehrangarh fort is one of the largest forts in India. The beauty and the grandeur of numerous palaces in the fort narrates a saga of hard sandstones yielding to the chisels of skilled Jodhpuri sculptures.

PALACES
Umaid Bhawan Palace - The only palace built in 20th century under the famine relief programme, has now been converted into a hotel with some parts being retained as a museum.


Jaswant Thada - The 19th century royal cenotaph is built in white marble, in commemoration of Maharaja Jaswant Singh. Some rare portraits of the rulers of Jodhpur are also displayed here.

MUSEUMS
Government Museum - This museum has a rich collection of weapons, textiles, miniature portraits, local crafts and images of Jain Tirthankars. It is situated in the middle of the Umaid public gardens.

OTHERS
Clock Tower & Sadar Market - In the old city, clock tower is a prominent land mark. But main attraction is the Sadar Market. The market has kept alive the old 'haat bazaar' culture.

RAJASTHAN TRAIN TRAVEL
PALACE ON WHEELS
Ever wondered what luxury in the royal times was all about! Welcome to Palace On Wheels, a luxury train that carries with it an ambience of the Rajputana era and an exciting fairytale journey, which takes the visitor to the imperial cities of Rajasthan every single day. The coaches also carry out an image of the Rajput states with beautiful interiors. Last but not the least the "Royal Treat" for the passengers on board include saloons, bar lounges & libraries in every coach as well as restaurant and organized shopping facilites.


EXCURSIONS CITIES Mandore : Towards the north of Jodhpur is the ancient capital of Marwar, Mandore. It is just 8 kms from the city. Main attractions of the place are Hall of Heroes with sixteen huge figures carved out of a single rock, the shrine of 330 million Gods and the royal cenotaphs. But one can not miss the caves in crags and the sprawling gardens, which are now shelter place for monkeys and peacocks. Greenery of the place makes Mandore, in true sense, an oasis.


TEMPLES Ossian : 65-km from Jodhpur, lie ruins of an ancient city called Ossian. This city is famous for Brahmanical and Jain temples, which belong to 8th and 11th century. Surya or Sun temple and the Sachiya temples are famous for their beauty. The 'shikhar' of Sachiya temple is clustered by two rows of turrets, an ambulatory and a large assembly hall with an elaborate ceiling.

TRIBES Guda Bishnoi : The villages are inhabitated by the Bishnoi tribe who are staunch believers in the sanctity of plant and animal life. Villages are marked by Khejri trees and deers, which thrive there. 25 kms from Jodhpur.

LAKES AND PALACES Balsamand Lake & Palace : This picturesque artificial lake is 7 kms from the main city. Summer palaces along the embankment and a bird sanctuary has made it a picnic spot.
Sardar Samand Lake and Palace : Rajasthani village life and vibrant cultural colours come alive as you drive along the 55 kms stretch. The monotony of the drive is broken by Chinkaras and Black Bucks who frisk pass the road.


HOW TO GET THERE Air: Jodhpur has its own airport and regular flight services conect the city with other major cities in and around Rajasthan.

Rail: The city is also well connected by the railway lines and trains are available for other major cities in the country from here. The 'Palace on Wheels' also visits this city of royal splendour.

Road: The state transport has bus services from other cities of the state and some services are interstate too.

PLACES TO STAY
The variety of hotels and guest houses in Jodhpur makes one feel at home. Accommodation here is available to suit tourists of every budget. Hotel Karni Bhawan, Ajit Bhawan are heritage hotels. The Rajasthan Tourism Department has the Ghoomar Hotel. The palace hotels options include theUmaid Bhawan Palace, Ratanada Polo Palace, Rajputana Palace. Raj Basera also provides good accommodation facilities. There are low budget accommodations avaialable too.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS The Marwar Festival - Held in October, this festival brings alive the legend, folklore and romantic lifestyle of Rajasthan's rulers.

SHOPPING
The Sadar Market near the Clock Tower gives immense shopping pleasure to the locals as well as the visitors. The colourful but hectic bazaar consists of many narrow lanes, lined with tiny shops. Look for the tie & dye textiles, embroidered leather shoes, lacquerware, antiques, carpets and puppets. Here, one can buy exquisite Rajasthani textiles, clay figurines, miniature camels and elephants, marble inlay work and classic silver jewellery.

TOURIST INFORMATION CENTRES Regional Tourist Office (Jodhpur Division) - Tourist Research Centre, Hotel Ghoomar, High Court Road, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation Ltd. (RTDC) - Tourist Centre, Hotel Swagatam, Office Annexe Near Railway Station, Jaipur - 302006 (Rajasthan) India

Department of Tourism, Government of Rajasthan (DOTGOR) - Paryatan Bhawan, Govt. Hostel Campus, M.I. Road Jaipur - 302 001 (Rajasthan) India
Tourist Reception Centre - Rajasthan Tourism Bikaner House, Near India Gate New Delhi - 110001 India

CLIMATE
Jodhpur has extreme type of climate with temperature range variation being very high. Average rainfall is 32 cm annually. The best season to visit the city is between October and March.
NEARBY CITIES Mandore: 8-km Ossian: 64-km
Ajmer: 205-km
Bikaner: 256-km
Jaisalmer: 285-km


GENERAL INFORMATION
MAIN LANGUAGES Rajasthani, Hindi & English



A WORD OF CAUTION
Beware of touts and make sure that you are not lost among the innumerable palaces in the forts and the colourful tradition.

CHITTORGARH

Location: 90-km From Udaipur, Rajasthan
Tourist Attractions: Vijay Stambh, Padmini's Palace
Best Time To Visit: September-March

The Epitome of Romance and Valour
The pride and glory of Rajasthan. Chittaur echoes with the tales of romance and valour unique to the Rajput tradition. A ruined citadel, where the royal past lives in its imposing forts, graceful palaces and spectacular 'chhatris'.

This fortified settlement has been ravaged thrice and each time the outcome was 'Jauhar' - when women and children immolated themselves on a huge funeral pyre while men donned in saffron robes of martyrdom rode out of the fort towards a certain death.

Alauddin Khilji was the first to sack Chittaur in 1303 AD, overpowered by a passionate desire to possess the regal beauty, queen Padmini. Legend has that he saw her face in the reflection of a mirror and was struck by her mesmerising beauty. But the noble queen preferred death to dishonour and committed 'Jauhar'.

In 1533 AD during the rule of Sikramjeet, came the second attack from Bahadur Shah, the Sultan of Gujarat. Once again, Jauhar was led by Rani Karnvati, a Bundi princess. Her infant son, Udai Singh was smuggled out of Chittaur to Bundi who survived to inherit the throne of the citadel. He learnt from his traumatic childhood that discretion is preferred to valour so, in 1567AD when the Mughal Emperor invaded Chittaur; Udai Singh fled to establish a new capital, Udaipur - a beautiful lake city, leaving behind Chittaur to be defended by two 16 year old heroes. Jaimal of Bednore and Patta of Kelwa. These young men displayed true Rajput chivalry and died after 'Jauhar' was peformed. Immediately thereafter, Akbar razed the Fort to a rubble.

Chittaur was never inhabited again but it always asserted the heroic spirit of Rajput warriors.

RAJASTHAN TRAIN TRAVEL PALACE ON WHEELS
Ever wondered what luxury in the royal times was all about! Welcome to Palace On Wheels, a luxury train that carries with it an ambience of the Rajputana era and an exciting fairytale journey, which takes the visitor to the imperial cities of Rajasthan every single day. The coaches also carry out an image of the Rajput states with beautiful interiors. Last but not the least the "Royal Treat" for the passengers on board include saloons, bar lounges & libraries in every coach as well as restaurant and organized shopping facilites. more...


PRIME ATTRACTIONS FORTS AND PALACES
The Fort: The indomitable pride of Chittaur, the fort is a massive structure with many gateways built by the literary rulers in 7th century AD. Perched on a height of 180 m high hill, it sprawls over 700 acres. The tablets and 'chhatris' within are impressive reminders of the Rajput heroism.

The main gates are Padam Pol, Bhairon Pol, Hanuman Pol and Ram Pol. The fort has many magnificent monuments - all fine examples of the Rajput architecture. The ancient ruins of the fort are worth spending few moments in solitude.

Vijay Stambh(Victory Tower) :The imposing 37 metres high structure with nine storeys, covered with exquisite sculptures of Hindu deities and depicting episodes from the two great epics -Ramayana and Mahabharata. more...

It was built in 1440 AD by Maharana Kumbha, a powerful ruler of Mewar to commemorate his victory over the Muslim rulers of Malawi and Gujarat.

Kirti Stambh (Tower of Fame): The22 metres high tower built by a wealthy Jain merchant in the 12th century AD

The tower is dedicated to Adinathji, the first of the Jain Tirthankaras and is decorated with figures of the Jain pantheon.

Rana Kumbha's Palace: The ruined edifice of great historical and architectural interest, bring the most massive monument in the fort of Chittaur. The palace is believed to have underground cellars where Rani Padmini and other women committed 'Jauhar'

Jaimal and Patta Palaces: The ruins of palaces of Rathore Jaimal and Sisodia Patta are witness to the gallantry of these great warriors.

Padmini's Palace: Built beside a pool, the palace is a magnificent one. It was here that Rana Ratan Singh showed a glimpse of queen Padmini to Alauddin Khilji. Rani Padmini stood in 'Zanana Mahal' - a pavilion in the centre and her reflection was visible to Alauddin Khilji in a mirror placed in the main hall. After having glimpse of the legendary beauty, Alauddin went to the extent of ravaging Chittaur in order to possess her.




TEMPLES Kumbha Shyam Temple: Built during the reign of Rana Kumbha in the Indo-Aryan style, the temple is associated with the mystic poetess Meera bai - an ardent Krishna devotee. She was the wife of Prince Bhojraj.


Kalika Mata Temple: Originally built as a Sun Temple in the 8th century, the temple was later converted into Kalika Mata Temple in the 14th century AD, dedicated to the Mother Goddess Kali --the symbol of power and valour.

Meera Bai Temple: The temple where Meera Bai worshipped Lord Krishna is built in north Indian style on a raised plinth with a conical roof and beautiful inner sanctum. An open colonnade around the sanctum has four small pavilions in each corner.

MUSEUMS Government Museum: The magnificent Prakash Mahal, presently a fine museum with an exquisite example of sculptures from temples and buildings in the fort is worth a visit. Closed on Fridays.

Fateh Prakash Museum: Inside the historical Chittaurgarh Fort, one big portion of Fateh Prakash Palace was converted into a museum in the year 1968. more...

GARDENS Gardens and Parks: Pratap Park, Meera Park and Nehru Park are beautifully laid out parks in lush surroundings. Beautiful Khwaja Rose Garden at Sawa is just 13-km from Chittaur.

EXCURSIONS CITIES Nagari (20-km): One of the oldest towns of Rajasthan, of great importance during the Mauryan period, is situated on the banks of River Banish. The Hindu and Buddhist remains from the Mauryan and Gupta period are found here.

Bassi Village (25-km): Enroute Bundi is a marvellous village with historical forts, temples and 'kunds'. Especially famous are its sculptures and woodcraft. A place of great tourist interest.

WILDLIFE Bassi Wildlife Sanctuary: 50-sq-kms sanctuary near Bassi, supports a population of panthers, wild boars, antelopes, mongoose and migratory birds.

Prior permission has to be obtained from the District Forest Office, Chittaurgarh before visiting the sanctuary.

Sita Mata Sanctuary, Dhariyavad: This thickly wooded jungle sprawls over the Aravalli ranges and the Malawi plateau with three rivers flowing through the forest. According to legend, Sita, wife of Lord Rama stayed in this jungle in Rishi Valmiki's Ashram after she was exiled by Lord Rama.

The common fauna that can be sighted here includes Leopard, Hyena, Jungle Fox, Porcupine, Sambhar, Wild Bear, four-horned Antelope, Nilgai and Flying Squirrel.

TEMPLES Sanwariyaji Temple (40-km): On the Chittaur-Udaipur road is a contemporary temple of Lord Krishna, an important pilgrimage spot.

Matri Kundia Temple (50-km): A popular sacred place dedicated to Lord Shiva. Popularly called 'Haridwar of Mewar.

FORTS Deogarh (125-km): A 16th century magnificent fort, near Pratapgarh with some beautiful palaces ornate with murals and splendid Jain temples.

OTHERS Bijalpur (40-km): A marvellous castle built by Rao Shakti Singh, the younger brother of Maharana Pratap, stands in the village. Presently, it has been converted into a heritage hotel.

Menal (90-km): On the Bundi-Chittaur Road, amid the natural beauty is Menal, famous for its ancient Shiv temples, picturesque water falls and dense forests.

HOW TO GET THERE Air: 90-km is the nearest airport, Dabok airport, Udaipur.
Rail: Chittaurgarh is well connected by rail. Some important train connections are : Chetak Express (Delhi Sarai Rohilla- Chittaurgarh-Udaipur); Pass. (Kota-Chittaurgarh-Nimach); 9769 Express (Khandawa-Chittaurgarh-Ajmer)
Road: Bus services operate to several important destinations. Delhi (583-km), Mount Abu (297-km), Jaipur (325-km), Indore (325-km) and Ajmer (185-km) away from Chittaurgarh.
Local Transport: Unmetered auto-rickshaw, cycle-rickshaws and tongas are avilable for commuting within the city.

PLACES TO STAY
There are Standard Hotels and also budget hotels available offering excellent accommodation facilities.
Supplementary Accommodation: Circuit House, Railway Retiring Rooms, PWD Dak Bungalow, Irrigation Dak Bungalow.

SHOPPING
The beautiful wooden toys made in Bassi village near Chittaurgarh are the best buys. Besides these, there are 'Thewa' articles of Pratapgarh, printed fabric of Akola and leather 'Mojri' of Gangaur.

Favourite shopping spots include Sadar Bazaar, Rana Sanga Market, New Cloth Market, Fort Road Market, Gandhi Chowk and Station Circle.

TOURIST INFORMATION CENTRES
Banks / Money Changers: State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur, Near Collectorate; Bank of Baroda, City Branch; Punjab National Bank, near Panna Tourist Bungalow; State Bank of India, Meera Market, City Road; Bank of Rajasthan, Fort Road; Chittaur Kendra Bank, Station Road

Post and Telegraph Office: General Post Office, Shree Gurukul Road .There are several smaller post offices in other areas of the town.

Conducted Tours: Sight seeing of Chittaurgarh Fort can be made by auto rickshaws, this tour covers the View Point, Tope Khana, Srinagar Chauri, Rana Kumbha Palace, Govt. Museum, Sat Bees Deori, Meera Temple, Victory Tower, Kalika Temple, Padmini's Palace, the Deer Park, Suraj Pol, Tower of Fame, Banmata Temple and the Palace of Rana Ratan Singh.

Guides: Approved guides of the Central Archaeological Department and Rajasthan Tourism are available.

Sports Activities: Fishing-Bassi Lake, Gambhiri Dam, Gosunda Dam, Matrikundiya Dam.

Hospital: General Hospital, Collectorate Circle; Aditya Hospital, New Indra Market; Kothari Clinic, near General Hospital; Ladha Clinic, Meera Nagari; Dashora Clinic, Udaipur· Road; Jainam Hospital, City Road

NEARBY CITIES
Nagari: 20-km
Bejalpur: 40-km
Menal: 90-km
Udaipur: 90-km

GENERAL INFORMATION Area : 6.5-sq-kms
Altitude : 408m

Climate Max Min
Summer : 43.8°C 23.8° C
Winter : 28.37° C 11.6° C
Rainfall : 60 - 85 cms.
Best Time To Visit : September-March

Clothing Summer : light tropical
Winter : light woollen
Languages : English, Hindi, Rajasthani.

PUSHKAR, RAJASTHAN

Pushkar Lake

Pushkar

Location: 11-km From Ajmer, Rajasthan

Tourist Attractions: 25 Bathing Ghats, Cattle Fair

Significance: Houses The Only Brahma Temple In India.

Best Time To Visit: Mid-October To Mid-March.

11-km from Ajmer on the edge of the Thar Desert lies a tiny tranquil town of Pushkar along the bank of the picturesque Pushkar Lake, which is an important pilgrimage for the Hindus. LEGEND

Padma Purana, elaborately describes the origin and importance of this lake. It says that Brahma, the Creator of the Universe, was once contemplating to locate a suitable spot on earth to perform a 'Yajna' (sacrificial ritual), the lotus fell from his hand and rebounding, struck the earth at three places within a circuit of kms. Water issued forth, from all the three places and the Creator called all the three as Pushkar (lotus) distinguishing them as 'Jyeshtha' (elder), 'Madhya' (central) and 'Kanishtha' (younger).

According to mythology, he performed the 'Yajna' at Jyeshtha Pushkar from Kartik Shukla Ekadashi to Purnima. Lakhs of devotees assemble and bathe in the holy waters during this period of the year; but bathing on the last day which is the full moon (Purnima) day, confers special blessings.

One of the major attractions in Pushkar is the PUSHKAR FAIR. The cattle fair is held here on this occasion, where other animals like camels and horses are also bought and sold. It is attended by people from far and wide.

In recent years, an exclusive accommodation-Tourist Village, has also been erected for foreign tourists. Competitions are organized for them and cultural programmes are held acquainting them with the Rajasthani way of life and culture.

Pushkar has 52 bathing ghats and many temples, big and small; the most celebrated one being that of Brahma, the Creator of the Universe.

HOW TO GET THERE

Air: Jaipur at 146-km is the nearest airport.

Rail: Ajmer at 11-km is the nearest railhead from Pushkar.

Road: Pushkar is well connected by road and is 11-km from Ajmer.

PLACES TO STAY

Being a major pilgrimage center Pushkar is well equipped with good accommodation options.

SHOPPING

A large number of traders gather at the Pushkar Fair and set up shops. They sell a host of products like bead necklaces of Nagaur, woollen blankets of Merta, textiles printed in Ajmer and Jodhpur, brassware of Jodhpur and Jaipur etc. Also on sale are saddles, ropes, and assorted household items. During the fair, cultural shows and exhibitions are organised to enliven the event. Movies are shown and competitions are arranged. Bards and poets recite and sing tales of valour and heroism of bygone days. Animal races and other competitions add to the attraction.

NEARBY CITIES

Ajmer: 11-km

Jaipur: 146-km

Ajmer, Rajasthan

Ajmer

Location: Rajasthan

Tourist Attractions: Ajmer-e-Sharief Dargah, Adhai-Din-Ka Jhonpara.

Festive Attractions: Urs Fair, Pushkar Fair

Best Time To Visit: October To March

Situated in the heart of the desert of Rajasthan, Ajmer is a blend of Sufi culture and Hindu religion. Ajmer has always been a coveted and strategic place for the Rajputs, the Mughals and the Marathas. Ajmer was the seat of administration for the Chauhans till Prithviraj was defeated in 1193 AD by Mohammad Ghauri. It then became a part of the Delhi Sultanate.

However, Rana Kumbha of Mewar and Raja Maldeo again established Rajput rule over Ajmer. The annual Urs at Dargah of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti is held on a grand scale and attracts pilgrims from all over the world irrespective of their caste and religion.

PRIME ATTRACTION

TEMPLES

Ajmer-e-Sharief Dargah - At the foot of a barren hill, is situated India’s most important pilgrimage center for people from all faiths. It is the splendid tomb of the Sufi saint Khawaja Moinuddin Chisti more popularly known as Khawaja Saheb or Khawaja Sharif. The shrine is next only to Mecca or Median for the Muslims of South Asia. Emperor Akbar used to make a pilgrimage to this Dargah from Agra once a year. more...

Adhai-Din-Ka Jhonpara - One of the finest examples of Indo-Islamic architecture, this mosque was a Sanskrit college in the 12th century. In 1193 AD Mohammad Ghori destroyed the college and a mosque was built in its place. The mosque is built on pillars and surprisingly no two pillars are alike. The archways are finely engraved with Kufi and Jughra inscriptions from the Holy Quran (also spelt as Koran).

Nasiyan (Jain Temple) - This red coloured Jain temple was built in the late 19th century. The wooden gilt in the double storeyed hall depicts scenes from the Jain mythology. The beauty of this temple is widely acclaimed.

MUSEUMS

Govt. Museum - The Royal palace of Akbar was converted into a museum and today it houses a rich collection of Mughal and Rajput armoury. Some of the fine and delicate sculptures of the region have been displayed here. The building itself has been constructed of red sandstone, which have been laid down in a square pattern giving it a fabulous look. more...

LAKES

Ana Sagar Lake - This lake was built by Anaji during 1135-1150 AD. Later the Mughal Emperors made additional constructions to beautify the lake. The 'Baradari', a marble pavilion was built by Shah Jahan and the Daulat Bagh Gardens were laid by Jehangir. This lake is located towards the north of Ajmer city. more...

FORTS

Taragarh Fort - Built in the 7th century by Ajaipal Chauhan, the fort gives a bird's eye view of the city. Taragarh Fort or the 'Star fort' is situated on a hill and to reach there, one has to take winding bridle path.

OTHERS

Mayo College - One of the India’s best public schools, located in the south-east of the Ana Sagar, has now been converted to the Circuit House. The lake and the cenotaph and the shrine of the Hindu reformer Swami Dayanand, founder of the "Arya Samaj Movement" in India, can be viewed from here.

EXCURSIONS

CITIES

Pushkar - The sister city of Ajmer, Pushkar is just 11-km away from the city. The road to Pushkar passes through the Nag Pahar or the Snake Mountain.

Pushkar is an ancient city and has seen history being made since the Ramayana period. The account of this city can be found in the 4th century writings of the Chinese traveller-- Fa-Hien and also in the scripts written during the era of Muslim invasions. The city is considered by Hindus to be one of the most sacred places in India and has, perhaps, the only existing temple in Asia, dedicated to Lord Brahma. Life in the city is very much related to the Pushkar Lake. Mythology says that this ancient lake was formed when a lotus flower fell in the valley, from the hands Brahma.

The 52 bathing ghats that surround the lake are believed to have special powers e.g. 'Naga Kund' for fertility, 'Roop Tirth' for beauty and 'Kapil Vyapi Kund' for curing Leprosy.

The famous Pushkar fair is held every year on the Kartik Purnima day. This fair is famous as a bazaar for the animals particularly the camels. But the folk dancers and the folk musicians add traditional colour in the fair, which gives a new leash of life to the town. more...

Mangliyawas - This town is famous for two 800 years old trees of a rare species- ADANSONIA DIGITATA LINN- popularly known as 'Kalpa-Vriksha'. People visit this place through out the year but on dark moon day of 'Sravana' (also spelt as Shravana) thousands of people come to worship the trees. The town is 26-km from Ajmer.

Beawar - This city is located 54-km from Ajmer and is famous for the Badshahi procession festival held on the next day of Holi. On this occasion, people participate in large numbers and throw 'Gulal' on each other.

LAKES

Foy Sagar - This artificial lake was built during a famine relief programme. Named after the engineer responsible for its construction, the picturesque lake is 5-km from Ajmer.

Kishan Garh : On the road to Jaipur, 27-km from Ajmer is located this medieval treasure house of art. This place had one of the finest schools for miniature paintings during 18th century. This town of artists is also famous for Gundelao Lake, Phool Mahal Palace, Temple of Sri Kalyan Raiji and the Majhala Palace.

HOW TO GET THERE

Air: The nearest airport is that of Jaipur.

Rail: The city is well connected by trains with all the major places in India.

Road: The state transport has its bus services from all over Rajasthan and also from Delhi. However, during the Urs, large number of people arriving in Ajmer, it is advisable to plan your trip in advance during this time.

Local Transport:City bus service operate in the city and to Pushkar. Unmetered taxis, auto-rickshaws, tongas, and cycle-rickshaws are also available for commutation.

PLACES TO STAY

The RTDC has done a lot to retain the traditional flavour in its hotels in and around Ajmer. Hotels like RTDC's Khadim, come with AC Deluxe rooms as well as ordinary rooms, which give a comfortable stay in the city. There are also Sarai facilities for the pilgrims. The government sponsored paying guest scheme makes the visitor feel at home.

FAIRS & FESTIVALS

The annual Urs and Pushkar fair.

SHOPPING

Ajmer presents items, which carry the Rajasthani fervour and reflect ancient mood of the area. One can purchase here amazing old silver jewellery with designs of a totally different era. The annual Urs gives an opportunity to bargain some of the intriguing and colourful items of the region.

USEFUL INFORMATION

Tourist Information Centres: - Tourist Reception Centre, Rajasthan Tourism Bikaner House, Near India Gate New Delhi - 110 001, India

- Tourist Reception Centre, Assistant Director, Tourist Reception Centre, Hotel Khadim (RTDC)

- Tourist Information Counter at Ajmer Railway Station.

Banks/Money Changers: - Bank of Baroda, Prithviraj Marg

- Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur, Station Road

- Bank of India, Kaisarganj

- Bank of Rajasthan, Mayo College

- Central Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Prithviraj Marg

- State Bank of India, near Collectorate

Also,authorized money changers are available in the leading hotels.

Hospitals: J.L. Nehru Hospital

Club: Ajmer Club

Guide Service: Approved guides may be hired through the Asstt. Director, Tourist Reception Centre

CLIMATE

Temperatures are very high during summers and very low during winters. Ajmer has a typical desert type of climate. The best season to visit this place is between October and March.

NEARBY CITIES

Pushkar: 11- km

Bundi: 142-km

Chittaurgarh: 190-km

Jodhpur: 198-km

Udaipur: 302-km

Jaipur: 131-km

GENERAL INFORMATION

Population: Around four lakhs

Area: 55.76-sq-kms.

Altitude: 486 meters

Climate: Summer: Max. - 38.1°C Min. - 27.7°C

Winter: Max. - 23.3°C Min. - 05.5°C

Rainfall: 38 to 51 cms.

Clothing: Summer - Light Tropical

Winter: Woolen

Languages: Rajasthani, Hindi, Urdu, English, Sindhi.

A WORD OF CAUTION

Beware of touts and make sure that you are not lost among the innumerable palaces in the forts and the colourful tradition.

Jaipur

Jaipur

Location: 336-km From Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Built In:1727 AD
Significance: Capital City of Rajasthan State
Best Season: October To March


JAIPUR - THE CITY OF VICTORY
The Rose Pink City founded by Maharaja Jai Singh II (1693-1743), is the capital of Rajasthan. It is a major attraction for the first-time visitor. Jaipur is surrounded on all sides by rugged hills, crowned with forts & enclosed by embattled walls. Houses with latticed windows line the streets with their rose pink colour, lending enchantment to the scene, which is almost magical at sunset.

The Old City (Known as the Pink City) is a great place to wander around. The whole city was painted in Pink colour by Maharaja Man Singh II when Prince of Wales, later Edward VII, visited Jaipur in 1876 AD. Today, every home within the city is obliged by law to maintain its facade. It is a very well planned city laid out in a grid pattern and was designed by a young Bengali engineer and scholar by the name "Vidyadhar Bhattacharya".

Jaipur was and remains the only city in the world, symbolising the nine divisions of the universe, through nine rectangular sectors sub-dividing it. Jaipur is a royal city & this is its most noticeable aspect, small buildings & festivals testify it.

Jaipur & its surroundings are rather like an endless museum. The city also offers an endless variety of crafts. Jewellers here still fashion the beautiful enamel-on-gold pendants, studded on the reverse with precious stones or pearls & turquoise that one sees in miniature paintings. Jaipur's lacquer bangles are famous all over the world. This is a city to be visited.


RAJASTHAN TRAIN TRAVEL

• PALACE ON WHEELS :- Ever wondered what luxury in the royal times was all about! Welcome to Palace On Wheels, a luxury train that carries with it an ambience of the Rajputana era and an exciting fairytale journey, which takes the visitor to the imperial cities of Rajasthan every single day. The coaches also carry out an image of the Rajput states with beautiful interiors. Last but not the least the "Royal Treat" for the passengers on board include saloons, bar lounges & libraries in every coach as well as restaurant and organized shopping facilities.
  

PRIME ATTRACTIONS

• FORTS AND PALACES

• Amer Palace: The magnificent fort with its huge ramparts & watchtowers, overlooking the Delhi-Jaipur Highway. It is believed to have been the capital of the "Minas", the original inhabitants of Rajasthan.

• City Palace: Jaipur is a palace complex, which was the seat of the Maharaja of Jaipur, the head of the Kachwaha clan. The palace now houses a museum. It is an impressive and vast complex of courtyards, gardens and buildings. The palace was built between 1729 and 1732 by Swai Jai Singh II and later additions were made by subsequent rulers.



• Hawa Mahal: It was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh, and designed by Lal Chand Usta in the form of the crown of Krishna, the Hindu god. It forms part of the City Palace and extends the Zenana or women's chambers, the chambers of the harem. Its original intention was to allow royal ladies to observe everyday life in the street below without being seen, since they had to observe strict "purdah" (cover).



• Jai Garh: located around 15 km from Jaipur, is one of the most spectacular forts in India, with almost all its original facilities intact. While Jaigarh Fort is on top of the hill, Amber Fort is at the bottom. The forts are connected through well-guarded passages. Many consider the two together as one complex.

• Nahargarh Fort: stands on the edge of the Aravalli Hills, overlooking the pink city of Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The view of the city from the fort is breath taking. Along with Amber Fort and Jaigarh Fort it formed a strong defence ring for the city. During the Sepoy revolt of 1857, Nahagarh served as a refuge for Europeans fleeing from the havoc created by mutineers in neighboring states. The word Nahargarh means the abode of tigers. Legends say that it was name after Prince Nahar whose spirit haunted the place and obstructed construction of the fort. Built mainly in 1734 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II, it is partially in ruins. It was extended in 1868. The rooms are linked by corridors and still have some delicate frescos. There are nine apartments for the nine queens the Maharaja had and all are well planned and decorated. Nahargarh is also called the hunting residence of Maharajas.

MONUMENTS

• Jantar Mantar: The amazing astronomical three-storey-high observatory, of an 18th century Rajasthani king, named Jai Singh. more...

GARDENS
Sisodia Rani Ka Bagh: Has beautiful gardens, fountains, pools & some magnificent pieces of sculpture. more...

MUSEUMS
Government Central Museum: This is the oldest museum in the state. The buiding, designed by Colonel Sir Swinton Jacob is located in the centre of the sprawling Ram Niwas Bagh, built in 1876 AD. When King Edward VII visited India as the Prince of Wales, it was opened to public in 1886.

EXCURSIONS
TEMPLES

• Bairath (86-km on the Shahpura-Alwar Road): An important historical place with the excavated remains of a circular Buddhist temple - unique in Rajasthan and the earliest known temple in India. Bairath also has relics of the Mauryan, Mughal and Rajput periods. A mint constructed by Akbar, a beautiful Mughal garden and a remarkable monument with painted 'chhatris' and wall built by Jahangir, are other attractions.

• Galta (2.5-km): Beyond the gardens amidst the low hill guarding the city lies the old pilgrim centre of Galtaji. Temples, pavilions and holy 'kunds' (natural springs and reservoirs) dot the serene green landscape. The small temple of the Sun god, built by Diwan Kriparam on top of the highest peak, is visible form all parts of the city. more...

LAKES

• Ramgarh Lake (32-km north-east): A huge artificial lake created by constructing a high dam amidst tree covered hills. While the temple of Jamwa Mata and the ruins of the old fort are some of its antiquities, its beautiful landscape makes it an idyllic picnic spot.

PALACE

• Samode (40-km north-west): The beautiful Samode Palace, has been rebuilt and renovated and provides a fine example of the Rajput haveli architecture. It is an ideal spot for outings.

CITIES

• Sanganer (16-km): Located on the Tonk Road. This small town is entered through the ruins of two 'Tripolias' or triple-gateways. The town has a ruined palace and a group of Jain temples with fine carvings. Entry to the temples is restricted. The town is an important centre for craft, industry and produces some of the finest hand printed textiles from units of block and screen printers. This textile is popular all over the country and abroad. On the Ajmer Road, the ground level fort is still in good shape. It is noted for its hand printed handloom industry using simple techniques.

GARDENS

• Vidyadhar's Garden: Nestled in a narrow valley, this beautiful garden was built in honour of Jai Singh's chief architect and town planner. more...

OTHERS

• Gaitor (6.5-km on the road to Amer): There are memorials to the queens in the Maharani-ki-Chhatri complex near the Ramgarh road crossing. The white marble cenotaph of Maharajah Jai Singh II is the most impressive and is decorated with carved peacocks. Next to it is the cenotaph of his son. The island palace-Jal Mahal built by Sawai Madho Singh as a pleasure spot at the centre of the Man Sagar Lake, and the Kanak Vrindavan complex of temples and gardens recently renovated add to its pristine glory. To the west of this road, in a narrow valley, is the royal cremation ground at Gaitor. The cenotaphs of all Jaipur rulers, with the exception of Sawai Ishwari Singh, who was cremated outside the Jai Niwas Garden, were built at this place. The imposing cenotaph of Sawai Jai Singh stands out for its delicate carvings and beautiful shape.

HOW TO GET THERE

• Air: Jaipur has its own airport, and is well connected to all other tourist and business centres.

• Rail: An excellent connection to Delhi by Shatabdi Express and the Pink City Express. Other connections to Jaipur are from Bikaner, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Ahemadabad, Secunderabad and Lucknow.

• Road: A network of reasonably comfortable tourist buses, run by road corporations of Rajasthan, Haryana and others.

SHOPPING
A major gem and jewellery centre, Jaipur is famous for Kundan work (enamel work on gold). Also there are woollen carpets, cotton rugs, marble statuary, enamelled wares, brass ware, hand-block printed Sanganeri and Bagru Cotton fabrics, exotic blue pottery made from crushed quartz, leather footwear and more.

NEARBY CITIES
Samode: 40-km
Bairath: 86-km
Pushkar: 146-km
Sawai Madhopur: 165-km
Jodhpur: 336-km


GENERAL INFORMATION
Local Transport: Tourist taxis and RTDC buses are available.
Art emporia and galleries: Art Fair, U-2, Chameliwala Market, Opp. G.P.O., M.I. Road. Maharaja Art Emporium, Hawa Mahal Bazar.
Boutiques: Nayika, Thalia Building, M.I.Road, Crafts Impression, 17 Civil Lines. Information offices: Foreigners Registration Office, Behind Hawa Mahal; Govt. of Rajasthan Tourist Office, Railway Station.
Hospitals: Sawai Man Singh Hospital, Soni Hospital, J.K.Mother & Child Health Institute.
P & T Offices: G.P.O., M.I. Road; Central Telegraph Office, M.I.Road; Railway Mail Service, Jaipur Railway Station.

RAJASTHAN

About Rājasthān

Rajasthan is the largest state of the Republic of India in terms of area. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert (Thar Desert), which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with Pakistan. The state borders Pakistan to the west, Gujarat to the southwest, Madhya Pradesh to the southeast, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana to the northeast and Punjab to the north. Rajasthan covers an area of 132,150 sq mi or 342,269 km².



CAPITAL OF RAJASTHAN
Jaipur, the capital, is pretty in pink. Vegetable marts, jewellery shops, camel-riding locals make it a busy and crowded metropolis. It sits on a dry lake bed in a somewhat arid landscape surrounded by barren hills surmounted by forts and crenellated walls. The language spoken is mostly Rajasthani and Hindi.





History of Rajasthan
Archaeological and historical evidence shows a continuous human habitation of the area dating back 100,000 years. Between the 7th and the 11th century AD, several dynasties arose, with Rajput strength reaching its peak at the beginning of the 16th century. Emperor Akbar brought the Rajput states into the Mughal Empire; by early 19th century, they allied with the Marathas. Later, the British established supremacy in the region. Rajasthan soon emerged as a centre of Indian nationalism. When the new constitution went into effect in 1950, Rajput princes surrendered their powers to the Indian Union.




The Rajasthani People
There is majesty in every man of Rajasthan; they are afterall the sons of kings. Rajasthan is a harsh, scorched land of savage summer heat but also full of the brightest colours. Countering the barren landscape with vibrant hues in their everyday wear and charming murals painted on their drab sepia-coloured mud homes, for the people, life is one big carnival, even in the face of sure death. Here are many tales of desperate courage written of men donning saffron robes and riding out to confront the enemy and womenfolk preferring death to dishonour. Even in everyday life today, the Rajput's sense of honour, family and tradition come foremost.




Culture in Rajasthan
Rajasthan has made its contribution to Indian art; there is a rich literary tradition, especially of bardic poetry. Chand Bardai's poem on Prithvi Raj Raso or 'Chand Raisa', the earliest manuscript of which dates to the 12th century, is particularly notable. A popular source of entertainment is the 'khyal', a dance drama composed in verse with festive, historical, or romantic themes. The typical folk dance of Rajasthan is the 'ghoomar', which is performed on festive occasions only by women. The 'geer' dance (performed by men and women), the 'panihari' (a graceful dance for women), and the 'kacchi ghori' (in which male dancers ride horses) are also popular.




Handicrafts of Rajasthan


Rajasthan, especially Jaipur, is one of the finest centres in the entire region for beautiful prints - specially on cotton fabrics and has perhaps India's largest centre of semi-precious / precious gems and stones. Tie-and-die fabrics and sarees; Sanganer prints; brocades; marble statuettes, ivory carving; stone-set and semi precious jewellery; enamel work… there is no end to what Jaipur offers to shoppers.







CLIMATE OF RAJASTHAN
There is a wide range of climate, varying from extremely arid to humid. Except in the hills, the heat in summer is great everywhere, with a mean daytime maximum temperature hovering at about 43º C in many locations. Winter temperatures vary from 20º-24º C. Hot winds and dust storms occur, especially in the desert tract, where rainfall averages 4 inches annually. In the southwest, rainfall is higher, in part owing to the summer monsoon winds off the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.